Physical – Energy – KidneyPal

Energy

physical domain

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Physical

In the Physical Domain, the sociodemographics that were moderately correlated were educational attainment and occupational status. These two factors had a stronger relationship to physical quality of life (QoL) compared to the other variables, which showed only weak correlations.

Educational attainment and Occupational status correlated moderately to the physical domain. Educational attainment is linked to physical quality of life, with higher levels of education often leading to better physical well-being. This stems from improved health literacy, greater access to resources, and informed decision-making regarding lifestyle and treatment. Educated individuals are more effective at managing health conditions like Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), adhering to treatment, and maintaining healthier routines. Occupational status underscores the positive impact of employment on their well-being. Stable jobs enhance access to healthcare, financial security, and structured routines, all contributing to better health outcomes.

Energy

Energy refers to the capacity both physical and mental to perform activities and maintain function throughout the day (NANDA International, 2021).

General Interventions

(For age, sex, marital status, household income, comorbidities)

1. You should keep a fatigue journal to monitor energy trends.

Helps identify patterns and plan around energy peaks (Chatterjee & Jethwani, 2020).

2. You are encouraged to use light stretching or breathing exercises to energize between naps.

Gently boosts circulation without tiring the body (Toussaint et al., 2021).

3. You should prioritize rest before and after a dialysis session.

To avoid fatigue after the hemodialysis session/treatment. (NANDA International, 2021).

4. Limit yourself from exposure to temperature and humidity extremes.

Helps you prevent physical stress and potential worsening of underlying health conditions. (Fisher & Budson, 2025).

5. You should eat easy-to-prepare and easy-to-consume foods and avoid caffeine and high sugar foods.

Helps you maintain stable energy levels and reduces the risk of stomach discomfort or overstimulation. (Zhu et al., 2023).

Educational Attainment-Based: Limited Formal Education

1. Use food picture guides with “green” and “red” foods for energy.

Helps you easily identify energy-boosting foods versus those that may cause crashes, promoting better dietary choices (Haq & Madany, 2025).

Example: Green = boiled eggs, bananas. Red = cola, coffee.

2. You are encouraged to learn to read simple food labels for sugar and caffeine.

Empowers you to avoid hidden sources of sugar and caffeine that could negatively affect your energy and sleep (Wooten & Cuevas, 2024).

Example: Look for words like ‘energy drink’ or ‘sweetened.’

3. Pair mealtime or rest routines with music or visual prompts.

To make energy management easier (Ramirez et al., 2025).

Educational Attainment-Based: Higher Education

1. Offer written guides on managing diet and environmental comfort.

Reduces decision fatigue and physical strain, making it easier to maintain a nutritious diet (Zhu et al., 2023).

Example: Plan meals with complex carbs and schedule errands during cooler hours.

2. You are encouraged to batch-cook meals with photos of steps.

Reduces daily effort and conserves energy, making it easier for patients to maintain proper nutrition throughout the week (Zhu et al., 2023).

Example: Cook rice and fish on Sunday for weekday lunches.

3. You are encouraged to use mobile applications.

To monitor diet and energy levels daily (Zainal & Newman, 2023).

Occupational Status-Based: Employed

1. Keep healthy snacks at work and rest before shifts

Supports sustained energy levels and prevents fatigue during physically or mentally demanding tasks (National Institute on Aging, 2025).

Example: Prepare oatmeal or boiled kamote as on-the-go energy food.

2. You are encouraged to set a fixed rest time post-dialysis to avoid energy crashes.

Helps you recover more effectively and prevent energy depletion that could affect their remaining daily responsibilities (Peper et al., 2022).

Example: Rest at 5 PM every treatment day.

3. Use energy pacing techniques (e.g., high-focus tasks in the morning).

To optimize output (Durosier, 2025).

Occupational Status-Based: Unemployed

1. Take strategic naps and limit screen time during the day.

Helps balance activity and recovery, reducing exhaustion and improving overall well-being (Sakurai et al., 2021).

Example: Use alarm to rest after dialysis and avoid afternoon TV marathons.

2. Rotate light and quiet tasks to avoid long periods of inactivity.

Helps you stay gently active, maintain physical function, and avoid fatigue or stiffness from prolonged inactivity (Nichol et al., 2023).

Example: Morning - fold laundry. Afternoon - nap. Evening - call a friend.

3. You are encouraged to use alarms.

Helps you stay gently active, maintain physical function, and avoid fatigue or stiffness from prolonged inactivity (Andersson et al., 2021).

References

● NANDA International. (2021). NANDA Nursing Diagnoses: Definitions and Classification, 16th Edition.
● Chatterjee, S., & Jethwani, J. (2020). Mindful self‑care and well‑being among professionals: A self‑reported evaluation. International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology, 7(2), 417–423. https://catherinecookcottone.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Midnful-Self-Care-and-Subjective-Wellbeing-2020-Chatterjee-Jethwani.pdf
● Fisher, J., & Budson, A. E. (2025, April 2). Tips to leverage neuroplasticity to maintain cognitive fitness as you age. Harvard Health Publishing. https://www.health.harvard.edu/mind-and-mood/tips-to-leverage-neuroplasticity-to-maintain-cognitive-fitness-as-you-age
● Haq, T. F., & Madany, N. Z. (2025). Visual media on language learning: How different visual aids affect comprehension and retention. QOSIM: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial & Humaniora, 3(2), 671–685. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/391720565
● National Institute on Aging. (2025, January 14). Exercise and physical activity. https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/exercise-and-physical-activity
● Peper, P., et al. (2022). Benefits from prospective memory off‑loading depend on memory load and reminder type. International Journal of Psychology, 57(4), 501–513. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12767
● Ramirez, C., et al. (2025). Music mindfulness and psychological state. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 19. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1554156
● Sakurai, Y., et al. (2021). Effects of cognitive stimulation on overall cognitive function in older adults: A systematic review. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 36(2), 213–225. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167494322001947
● Toussaint, L., et al. (2021). Effectiveness of relaxation techniques in promoting physiological relaxation. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2021, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5924040
● Wooten, J. O., & Cuevas, J. A. (2024). Dual coding theory on comprehension and vocabulary. International Journal on Social and Educational Sciences, 6(4), 673–691. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijonses.696
● Zhu, Y., Pan, M., & Li, H. (2023). The influence of repeated study and testing on energy and recall. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37874486/